1 Study Coverage 1.1 High-frequency Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Introduction 1.2 Global High-frequency Trading Outlook 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 1.2.1 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size for the Year 2017-2028 1.2.2 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size for the Year 2017-2028 1.3 High-frequency Trading Market Size, United States VS Global, 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 1.3.1 The Market Share of United States High-frequency Trading in Global, 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 1.3.2 The Growth Rate of High-frequency Trading Market Size, United States VS Global, 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 1.4 High-frequency Trading Market Dynamics 1.4.1 High-frequency Trading Industry Trends 1.4.2 High-frequency Trading Market Drivers 1.4.3 High-frequency Trading Market Challenges 1.4.4 High-frequency Trading Market Restraints 1.5 Study Objectives 1.6 Years Considered 2 High-frequency Trading by Type 2.1 High-frequency Trading Market Segment by Type 2.1.1 On-Premise 2.1.2 Cloud-Based 2.2 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Type (2017, 2022 & 2028) 2.3 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Type (2017-2028) 2.4 United States High-frequency Trading Market Size by Type (2017, 2022 & 2028) 2.5 United States High-frequency Trading Market Size by Type (2017-2028) 3 High-frequency Trading by Application 3.1 High-frequency Trading Market Segment by Application 3.1.1 Investment Banks 3.1.2 Funds 3.1.3 Personal Investors 3.1.4 Others 3.2 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Application (2017, 2022 & 2028) 3.3 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Application (2017-2028) 3.4 United States High-frequency Trading Market Size by Application (2017, 2022 & 2028) 3.5 United States High-frequency Trading Market Size by Application (2017-2028) 4 Global High-frequency Trading Competitor Landscape by Company 4.1 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Company 4.1.1 Top Global High-frequency Trading Companies Ranked by Revenue (2021) 4.1.2 Global High-frequency Trading Revenue by Player (2017-2022) 4.2 Global High-frequency Trading Concentration Ratio (CR) 4.2.1 High-frequency Trading Market Concentration Ratio (CR) (2017-2022) 4.2.2 Global Top 5 and Top 10 Largest Companies of High-frequency Trading in 2021 4.2.3 Global High-frequency Trading Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) 4.3 Global High-frequency Trading Headquarters, Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Type 4.3.1 Global High-frequency Trading Headquarters and Area Served 4.3.2 Global High-frequency Trading Companies Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Type 4.3.3 Date of International Companies Enter into High-frequency Trading Market 4.4 Companies Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans 4.5 United States High-frequency Trading Market Size by Company 4.5.1 Top High-frequency Trading Players in United States, Ranked by Revenue (2021) 4.5.2 United States High-frequency Trading Revenue by Players (2020, 2021 & 2022) 5 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Region 5.1 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Region: 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 5.2 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Region (2017-2028) 5.2.1 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Region: 2017-2022 5.2.2 Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Region (2023-2028) 6 Segment in Region Level & Country Level 6.1 North America 6.1.1 North America High-frequency Trading Market Size YoY Growth 2017-2028 6.1.2 North America High-frequency Trading Market Facts & Figures by Country (2017, 2022 & 2028) 6.1.3 U.S. 6.1.4 Canada 6.2 Asia-Pacific 6.2.1 Asia-Pacific High-frequency Trading Market Size YoY Growth 2017-2028 6.2.2 Asia-Pacific High-frequency Trading Market Facts & Figures by Region (2017, 2022 & 2028) 6.2.3 China 6.2.4 Japan 6.2.5 South Korea 6.2.6 India 6.2.7 Australia 6.2.8 Taiwan 6.2.9 Indonesia 6.2.10 Thailand 6.2.11 Malaysia 6.2.12 Philippines 6.3 Europe 6.3.1 Europe High-frequency Trading Market Size YoY Growth 2017-2028 6.3.2 Europe High-frequency Trading Market Facts & Figures by Country (2017, 2022 & 2028) 6.3.3 Germany 6.3.4 France 6.3.5 U.K. 6.3.6 Italy 6.3.7 Russia 6.4 Latin America 6.4.1 Latin America High-frequency Trading Market Size YoY Growth 2017-2028 6.4.2 Latin America High-frequency Trading Market Facts & Figures by Country (2017, 2022 & 2028) 6.4.3 Mexico 6.4.4 Brazil 6.4.5 Argentina 6.5 Middle East and Africa 6.5.1 Middle East and Africa High-frequency Trading Market Size YoY Growth 2017-2028 6.5.2 Middle East and Africa High-frequency Trading Market Facts & Figures by Country (2017, 2022 & 2028) 6.5.3 Turkey 6.5.4 Saudi Arabia 6.5.5 U.A.E 7 Company Profiles 7.1 Virtu Financial 7.1.1 Virtu Financial Company Details 7.1.2 Virtu Financial Business Overview 7.1.3 Virtu Financial High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.1.4 Virtu Financial Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.1.5 Virtu Financial Recent Development 7.2 KCG 7.2.1 KCG Company Details 7.2.2 KCG Business Overview 7.2.3 KCG High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.2.4 KCG Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.2.5 KCG Recent Development 7.3 DRW Trading 7.3.1 DRW Trading Company Details 7.3.2 DRW Trading Business Overview 7.3.3 DRW Trading High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.3.4 DRW Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.3.5 DRW Trading Recent Development 7.4 Optiver 7.4.1 Optiver Company Details 7.4.2 Optiver Business Overview 7.4.3 Optiver High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.4.4 Optiver Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.4.5 Optiver Recent Development 7.5 Tower Research Capital 7.5.1 Tower Research Capital Company Details 7.5.2 Tower Research Capital Business Overview 7.5.3 Tower Research Capital High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.5.4 Tower Research Capital Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.5.5 Tower Research Capital Recent Development 7.6 Flow Traders 7.6.1 Flow Traders Company Details 7.6.2 Flow Traders Business Overview 7.6.3 Flow Traders High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.6.4 Flow Traders Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.6.5 Flow Traders Recent Development 7.7 Hudson River Trading 7.7.1 Hudson River Trading Company Details 7.7.2 Hudson River Trading Business Overview 7.7.3 Hudson River Trading High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.7.4 Hudson River Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.7.5 Hudson River Trading Recent Development 7.8 Jump Trading 7.8.1 Jump Trading Company Details 7.8.2 Jump Trading Business Overview 7.8.3 Jump Trading High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.8.4 Jump Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.8.5 Jump Trading Recent Development 7.9 RSJ Algorithmic Trading 7.9.1 RSJ Algorithmic Trading Company Details 7.9.2 RSJ Algorithmic Trading Business Overview 7.9.3 RSJ Algorithmic Trading High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.9.4 RSJ Algorithmic Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.9.5 RSJ Algorithmic Trading Recent Development 7.10 Spot Trading 7.10.1 Spot Trading Company Details 7.10.2 Spot Trading Business Overview 7.10.3 Spot Trading High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.10.4 Spot Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.10.5 Spot Trading Recent Development 7.11 Sun Trading 7.11.1 Sun Trading Company Details 7.11.2 Sun Trading Business Overview 7.11.3 Sun Trading High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.11.4 Sun Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.11.5 Sun Trading Recent Development 7.12 Tradebot Systems 7.12.1 Tradebot Systems Company Details 7.12.2 Tradebot Systems Business Overview 7.12.3 Tradebot Systems High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.12.4 Tradebot Systems Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.12.5 Tradebot Systems Recent Development 7.13 IMC 7.13.1 IMC Company Details 7.13.2 IMC Business Overview 7.13.3 IMC High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.13.4 IMC Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.13.5 IMC Recent Development 7.14 Quantlab Financial 7.14.1 Quantlab Financial Company Details 7.14.2 Quantlab Financial Business Overview 7.14.3 Quantlab Financial High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.14.4 Quantlab Financial Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.14.5 Quantlab Financial Recent Development 7.15 Teza Technologies 7.15.1 Teza Technologies Company Details 7.15.2 Teza Technologies Business Overview 7.15.3 Teza Technologies High-frequency Trading Introduction 7.15.4 Teza Technologies Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) 7.15.5 Teza Technologies Recent Development 8 Research Findings and Conclusion 9 Appendix 9.1 Research Methodology 9.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach 9.1.2 Data Source 9.2 Author Details 9.3 Disclaimer

List of Tables Table 1. High-frequency Trading Market Size United States VS Global, CAGR (2017 VS 2022 VS 2028) Table 2. High-frequency Trading Market Trends Table 3. High-frequency Trading Market Drivers Table 4. High-frequency Trading Market Challenges Table 5. High-frequency Trading Market Restraints Table 6. Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Type: 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 (US$ Million) Table 7. United States High-frequency Trading Market Size by Type: 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 (US$ Million) Table 8. Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Application: 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 (US$ Million) Table 9. United States High-frequency Trading Market Size by Application: 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 (US$ Million) Table 10. Top High-frequency Trading Companies in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021) Table 11. Global High-frequency Trading Revenue by Player, (US$ Million), 2017-2022 Table 12. Global High-frequency Trading Revenue Share by Player, 2017-2022 Table 13. Global High-frequency Trading Companies Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI) Table 14. Global High-frequency Trading by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in High-frequency Trading as of 2021) Table 15. Top Players of High-frequency Trading in Global Market, Headquarters and Area Served Table 16. Companies Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Type Table 17. Date of International Companies Enter into High-frequency Trading Market Table 18. Companies Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans Table 19. Top High-frequency Trading Players in United States Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021) Table 20. United States High-frequency Trading Revenue by Players, (US$ Million), 2020, 2021 & 2022 Table 21. United States High-frequency Trading Revenue Share by Players, 2020, 2021 & 2022 Table 22. Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 Table 23. Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Region (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 24. Global High-frequency Trading Market Size Forecast by Region (2023-2028) & (US$ Million) Table 25. North America High-frequency Trading Sales in Value by Country (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Table 26. Asia Pacific High-frequency Trading Sales in Value by Region (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Table 27. Europe High-frequency Trading Sales in Value by Country (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Table 28. Latin Americaa High-frequency Trading Sales in Value by Country (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Table 29. Middle East and Africa High-frequency Trading Sales in Value by Country (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Table 30. Virtu Financial Company Details Table 31. Virtu Financial Business Overview Table 32. Virtu Financial High-frequency Trading Product Table 33. Virtu Financial Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 34. Virtu Financial Recent Development Table 35. KCG Company Details Table 36. KCG Business Overview Table 37. KCG High-frequency Trading Product Table 38. KCG Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 39. KCG Recent Development Table 40. DRW Trading Company Details Table 41. DRW Trading Business Overview Table 42. DRW Trading High-frequency Trading Product Table 43. DRW Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 44. DRW Trading Recent Development Table 45. Optiver Company Details Table 46. Optiver Business Overview Table 47. Optiver High-frequency Trading Product Table 48. Optiver Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 49. Optiver Recent Development Table 50. Tower Research Capital Company Details Table 51. Tower Research Capital Business Overview Table 52. Tower Research Capital High-frequency Trading Product Table 53. Tower Research Capital Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 54. Tower Research Capital Recent Development Table 55. Flow Traders Company Details Table 56. Flow Traders Business Overview Table 57. Flow Traders High-frequency Trading Product Table 58. Flow Traders Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 59. Flow Traders Recent Development Table 60. Hudson River Trading Company Details Table 61. Hudson River Trading Business Overview Table 62. Hudson River Trading High-frequency Trading Product Table 63. Hudson River Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 64. Hudson River Trading Recent Development Table 65. Jump Trading Company Details Table 66. Jump Trading Business Overview Table 67. Jump Trading High-frequency Trading Product Table 68. Jump Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 69. Jump Trading Recent Development Table 70. RSJ Algorithmic Trading Company Details Table 71. RSJ Algorithmic Trading Business Overview Table 72. RSJ Algorithmic Trading High-frequency Trading Product Table 73. RSJ Algorithmic Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 74. RSJ Algorithmic Trading Recent Development Table 75. Spot Trading Company Details Table 76. Spot Trading Business Overview Table 77. Spot Trading High-frequency Trading Product Table 78. Spot Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 79. Spot Trading Recent Development Table 80. Sun Trading Company Details Table 81. Sun Trading Business Overview Table 82. Sun Trading High-frequency Trading Product Table 83. Sun Trading Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 84. Sun Trading Recent Development Table 85. Tradebot Systems Company Details Table 86. Tradebot Systems Business Overview Table 87. Tradebot Systems High-frequency Trading Product Table 88. Tradebot Systems Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 89. Tradebot Systems Recent Development Table 90. IMC Company Details Table 91. IMC Business Overview Table 92. IMC High-frequency Trading Product Table 93. IMC Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 94. IMC Recent Development Table 95. Quantlab Financial Company Details Table 96. Quantlab Financial Business Overview Table 97. Quantlab Financial High-frequency Trading Product Table 98. Quantlab Financial Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 99. Quantlab Financial Recent Development Table 100. Teza Technologies Company Details Table 101. Teza Technologies Business Overview Table 102. Teza Technologies High-frequency Trading Product Table 103. Teza Technologies Revenue in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million) Table 104. Teza Technologies Recent Development Table 105. Research Programs/Design for This Report Table 106. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources Table 107. Key Data Information from Primary Sources List of Figures Figure 1. High-frequency Trading Product Picture Figure 2. Global High-frequency Trading Market Size, (US$ Million), 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 Figure 3. Global High-frequency Trading Market Size 2017-2028 (US$ Million) Figure 4. United States High-frequency Trading Market Size, (US$ Million), 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028 Figure 5. United States High-frequency Trading Market Size 2017-2028 (US$ Million) Figure 6. United States High-frequency Trading Market Share in Global 2017-2028 Figure 7. High-frequency Trading Report Years Considered Figure 8. Product Picture of On-Premise Figure 9. Product Picture of Cloud-Based Figure 10. Global High-frequency Trading Market Share by Type in 2022 & 2028 Figure 11. Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Type (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 12. Global High-frequency Trading Market Share by Type (2017-2028) Figure 13. United States High-frequency Trading Market Share by Type in 2022 & 2028 Figure 14. United States High-frequency Trading Market Size by Type (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 15. United States High-frequency Trading Market Share by Type (2017-2028) Figure 16. Product Picture of Investment Banks Figure 17. Product Picture of Funds Figure 18. Product Picture of Personal Investors Figure 19. Product Picture of Others Figure 20. Global High-frequency Trading Market Share by Application in 2022 & 2028 Figure 21. Global High-frequency Trading Market Size by Application (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 22. Global High-frequency Trading Market Share by Application (2017-2028) Figure 23. United States High-frequency Trading Market Share by Application in 2022 & 2028 Figure 24. United States High-frequency Trading Market Size by Application (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 25. United States High-frequency Trading Market Share by Application (2017-2028) Figure 26. North America High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate 2017-2028 (US$ Million) Figure 27. U.S. High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 28. Canada High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 29. Europe High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate 2017-2028 (US$ Million) Figure 30. Germany High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 31. France High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 32. U.K. High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 33. Italy High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 34. Russia High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 35. Asia-Pacific High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate 2017-2028 (US$ Million) Figure 36. China High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 37. Japan High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 38. South Korea High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 39. India High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 40. Australia High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 41. Taiwan High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 42. Indonesia High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 43. Thailand High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 44. Malaysia High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 45. Philippines High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 46. Latin America High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate 2017-2028 (US$ Million) Figure 47. Mexico High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 48. Brazil High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 49. Argentina High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 50. Middle East & Africa High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate 2017-2028 (US$ Million) Figure 51. Turkey High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 52. Saudi Arabia High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 53. U.A.E High-frequency Trading Market Size Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (US$ Million) Figure 54. Virtu Financial Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 55. KCG Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 56. DRW Trading Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 57. Optiver Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 58. Tower Research Capital Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 59. Flow Traders Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 60. Hudson River Trading Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 61. Jump Trading Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 62. RSJ Algorithmic Trading Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 63. Spot Trading Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 64. Sun Trading Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 65. Tradebot Systems Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 66. IMC Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 67. Quantlab Financial Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 68. Teza Technologies Revenue Growth Rate in High-frequency Trading Business (2017-2022) Figure 69. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report Figure 70. Data Triangulation Figure 71. Key Executives Interviewed

Virtu Financial KCG DRW Trading Optiver Tower Research Capital Flow Traders Hudson River Trading Jump Trading RSJ Algorithmic Trading Spot Trading Sun Trading Tradebot Systems IMC Quantlab Financial Teza Technologies